Is there a relationship between vitamin D levels, inflammatory parameters, and clinical severity of COVID-19 infection?
MD Gulcan Ozturk, Berrin Zinnet Eraslan, Pinar Akpinar, Duygu Karamanlioglu silte, Feyza Ozkan unlu, Ilknur Aktas
Bratislava Medical Journal, doi:10.4149/bll_2022_065
OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to determine the relationship between 25-OH vitamin D levels, infl ammatory parameters of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), c-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the disease severity of COVID-19 infection. BACKGROUND: Infl ammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 while identifying the clinical course and prognosis. The effect of vitamin D defi ciency on contribution to infl ammation in COVID-19 is unclear. METHODS: Based on the classifi cation of the clinical course of COVID-19, the patients were divided into three groups, i.e., with mild (Group 1), moderate (Group 2) and severe/critical cases (Group 3). The 25-OH vitamin D values were defi ned as defi cient, insuffi cient or normal. RESULTS: There were no statistically signifi cant differences in the distribution rates of 25-OH vitamin D levels (p>0.05) between the groups. Infl ammatory parameters in Group 3 were statistically signifi cantly higher as compared to Groups1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that NLR was an independent predictor of disease severity. CONCLUSION: There is no relationship between the severity of COVID-19 infection and 25-OH vitamin D defi ciency. Infl ammatory parameters are associated with the disease severity, while NLR is an independent predictor of severe COVID-19. There was no correlation between 25-OH vitamin D and infl ammatory markers (Tab. 4, Fig. 1, Ref. 38).
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