Lower serum 25(OH)D levels associated with higher risk of COVID-19 infection in U.S. Black women

Vitamin D study #125 of 131 Meta Analysis

7/27 Analysis of outcomes based on serum levels

Cozier et al., PLoS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255132 (Peer Reviewed)
Lower serum 25(OH)D levels associated with higher risk of COVID-19 infection in U.S. Black women

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Prospective study of vitamin D levels and COVID-19 infection in the Black Women's Health Study, showing higher risk of infection for lower vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels were from 3-7 years before infection. Levels at the time of infection may differ, which may reduce the size of the effect observed.

Cozier et al., 7/27/2021, prospective, USA, North America, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.

risk of COVID-19 case, 38.6% lower, RR 0.61, p = 0.02, high D levels 94 of 1601 (5.9%), low D levels 33 of 373 (8.8%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, >20ng/mL, multivariable.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance, however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes when combining the results of many trials.

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